Greece

Brief Survey of Arts, Letters, and Philosophy in Greece, prior to the Legislation of Solon.

The Advice of Demaratus to Xerxes. - Themistocles. - Actions off Artemisium. - The Greeks retreat. - The Persians invade Delphi, and are repulsed with great Loss. - The Athenians, unaided by their Allies, abandon Athens, and embark for Salamis. - The irresolute and selfish Policy of the Peloponnesians. - Dexterity and Firmness of Themistocles. - Battle of Salamis. - Andros and Carystus besieged by the Greeks. - Anecdotes of Themistocles. - Honours awarded to him in Sparta. - Xerxes returns to Asia. - Olynthus and Potidaea besieged by Artabazus. - The Athenians return Home.

Embassy of Alexander of Macedon to Athens. - The Result of his Proposals. - Athenians retreat to Salamis. - Mardonius occupies Athens. - The Athenians send Envoys to Sparta. - Pausanias succeeds Cleombrotus as Regent of Sparta. - Battle of Plataea. - Thebes besieged by the Athenians. - Battle of Mycale. - Siege of Sestos. - Conclusion of the Persian War.

The Conspiracy of Cylon. - Loss of Salamis. - First Appearance of Solon. - Success against the Megarians in the Struggle for Salamis. - Cirrhaean War. - Epimenides. - Political State of Athens. - Character of Solon. - His Legislation. - General View of the Athenian Constitution.

The Departure of Solon from Athens. - The Rise of Pisistratus. - Return of Solon. - His Conduct and Death. - The Second and Third Tyranny of Pisistratus. - Capture of Sigeum. - Colony in the Chersonesus founded by the first Miltiades. - Death of Pisistratus.

Remarks on the Effects of War. - State of Athens. - Interference of Sparta with respect to the Fortifications of Athens. - Dexterous Conduct of Themistocles. - The New Harbour of the Piraeus. - Proposition of the Spartans in the Amphictyonic Council defeated by Themistocles. - Allied Fleet at Cyprus and Byzantium. - Pausanias. - Alteration in his Character. - His ambitious Views and Treason. - The Revolt of the Ionians from the Spartan Command. - Pausanias recalled. - Dorcis replaces him. - The Athenians rise to the Head of the Ionian League.

The Administration of Hippias. - The Conspiracy of Harmodius and Aristogiton. - The Death of Hipparchus. - Cruelties of Hippias. - The young Miltiades sent to the Chersonesus. - The Spartans Combine with the Alcmaeonidae against Hippias. - The fall of the Tyranny. - The Innovations of Clisthenes. - His Expulsion and Restoration. - Embassy to the Satrap of Sardis. - Retrospective View of the Lydian, Medean, and Persian Monarchies. - Result of the Athenian Embassy to Sardis. - Conduct of Cleomenes. - Victory of the Athenians against the Boeotians and Chalcidians. - Hippias arrives at Sparta.

Popularity and Policy of Cimon. - Naxos revolts from the Ionian League. - Is besieged by Cimon. - Conspiracy and Fate of Pausanias. - Flight and Adventures of Themistocles. - His Death.